Treating diabetic retinopathy Treating diabetic retinopathy is a critical aspect of preserving vision and maintaining the overall quality of life […]
SIGNIFICANCE
Saccades present a direct relationship between the size of the movement (SACSIZE) and its peak velocity (SACPEAK), the main sequence, which is traditionally quantified using the model SACPEAK = Vmax × (1 − e−SACSIZE/SAT). This study shows that Vmax and SAT are not veridical indicators of saccadic dynamics.
PURPOSE
Alterations in saccadic dynamics are used as a diagnostic tool. Are the 95% reference ranges (RRs) of Vmax and SAT correctly quantifying the variability in saccadic dynamics of a population?
METHODS
Visually driven horizontal and vertical saccades were acquired from 116 normal subjects using the Neuro Kinetics Inc. Concussion Protocol with a 100-Hz I-Portal NOTC Vestibular System, and the main sequence models were computed.
RESULTS
The 95% RRs of Vmax, the asymptotic peak velocity, and SAT, the speed of the exponential rise toward Vmax, were quite large. The finding of a strong correlation between Vmax and SAT suggests that their variability might be, in part, a computational interaction. In fact, the interplay between the two parameters greatly reduced the actual peak velocity variability for saccades less than 15°. This correlation was not strong enough to support the adoption of a one-parameter model, where Vmax is estimated from SAT using the regression parameters. We also evaluated the effects of interpolating the position data to a simulated acquisition rate of 1 kHz. Interpolation had no effect on the population average of Vmax and brought a decrease of the average SAT by roughly 8%.
CONCLUSIONS
The 95% RRs of Vmax and SAT, treated as independent entities, are not a veridical representation of the variability in saccadic dynamics inside a population, especially for small saccades. We introduce a novel three-step method to determine if a data set is inside or outside a reference population that takes into account the correlation between Vmax and SAT.
At Amplify with Dr Wernick I was seeking help for seemingly intractable, probably age-related dryness. I've seen other doctors about it, and that has been helpful, but what he explained to me about it and the careful way he answered all my questions gave me so much more of a clear understanding of what is going on (and is not) that I am more able to implement all his and others' recommendations than I was before. And he gave me additional resources for further follow-up. I am most grateful.
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Dr. Kavner recommended two types of eye therapy for my daughter. One of them using bio-feedback. In just three sessions she is seeing considerably better. She shouted this morning: Ooh my God! I could not see these letters with my glasses on, and now I can see them without my glasses. If you are willing and able to invest in improving your vision, this is a good place to go to!
Dr. Kavner recommended two types of eye therapy for my daughter. One of them using bio-feedback. In just three sessions she is seeing considerably better. She shouted this morning: Ooh my God! I could not see these letters with my glasses on, and now I can see them without my glasses. If you are willing and able to invest in improving your vision, this is a good place to go to!
I have always found Dr Kavner's work, expertise and wisdom of the highest caliber. As one of the fathers of OT, occupational othomology, his depth and breadth of knowledge about the eyes' health and wellbeing of the patient is exemplary. Cannot say enough good things about him.
Treating diabetic retinopathy Treating diabetic retinopathy is a critical aspect of preserving vision and maintaining the overall quality of life […]
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