According to the American Optometric Association, approximately 80% of what a child learns in school is acquired through vision, and […]
Purpose: To measure and compare the development of ocular alignment, sensory binocularity, and convergence in infants during the first 5 months of life.
Methods: Healthy infants were tested between 2 and 21 weeks of age. Ocular alignment was measured by the Hirschberg test; convergence was determined by visual examination as an illuminated toy approached an infant's face; and sensory binocularity was measured by preferential looking for fusible versus rivalrous gratings. In experiment 1 we compared the proportion of infants at different ages demonstrating orthotropic ocular alignment with those showing convergence. In experiment 2, we compared the age of onset of convergence to that of sensory binocularity.
Results: Experiment 1: Most infants were orthotropic during the first month, and almost all of the others showed small amounts of exotropia. None of the infants showed accurate convergence until 6 weeks of age. By 4 months of age virtually all were orthotropic and had good convergence. Experiment 2: The onset of sensory binocular fusion occurred at 12.8 +/- 3.3 weeks. Full convergence did not occur until 13.7 +/- 3.2 weeks, although the first signs of convergence occurred slightly earlier. For individual infants there was a high correlation between the age of onset of sensory binocularity and convergence, and both onsets occurred earlier in girls than in boys.
Conclusions: Ocular alignment did not require the development of binocularity mechanisms, and the development of binocularity mechanisms did not await the onset of good ocular alignment. The relatively sudden onset of binocularity, both sensory (preference for fusion and stereopsis) and motor (convergence) at about 3 months of age and the high correlation between these measures indicate a common causal mechanism that probably involves refinements in striate cortex circuitry.
At Amplify with Dr Wernick I was seeking help for seemingly intractable, probably age-related dryness. I've seen other doctors about it, and that has been helpful, but what he explained to me about it and the careful way he answered all my questions gave me so much more of a clear understanding of what is going on (and is not) that I am more able to implement all his and others' recommendations than I was before. And he gave me additional resources for further follow-up. I am most grateful.
Wow! This is a great Eye Care medical facility. I was thoroughly examined by Dr. Pinkhasov for over 2 hours. She made sure to check my eyes for pretty much everything and patiently explained proper care for my eyes. They definitely know how to provide great care and treat their patients right. Now I know why they have such a great reputation and been around for so long.
Dr. Kavner is a gifted diagnostician and orthoptic therapist. He treated me several decades ago for a condition similar to dyslexia. I was having migraines five times per week. I worked with him for about a year and I experienced tremendous improvement (down to 3-4 per year) that has lasted.
Dr. Kavner recommended two types of eye therapy for my daughter. One of them using bio-feedback. In just three sessions she is seeing considerably better. She shouted this morning: Ooh my God! I could not see these letters with my glasses on, and now I can see them without my glasses. If you are willing and able to invest in improving your vision, this is a good place to go to!
Dr. Kavner recommended two types of eye therapy for my daughter. One of them using bio-feedback. In just three sessions she is seeing considerably better. She shouted this morning: Ooh my God! I could not see these letters with my glasses on, and now I can see them without my glasses. If you are willing and able to invest in improving your vision, this is a good place to go to!
I have always found Dr Kavner's work, expertise and wisdom of the highest caliber. As one of the fathers of OT, occupational othomology, his depth and breadth of knowledge about the eyes' health and wellbeing of the patient is exemplary. Cannot say enough good things about him.
According to the American Optometric Association, approximately 80% of what a child learns in school is acquired through vision, and […]
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